{"id":2900,"date":"2024-10-04T19:02:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T19:02:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dongcobiogas.com\/?p=2900"},"modified":"2024-10-04T19:02:50","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T19:02:50","slug":"wave-biogas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dongcobiogas.com\/en\/wave-biogas\/","title":{"rendered":"WAVE Biogas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

XE WAVE BIOGAS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


              B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y 110cc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng biogas n\u00e9n c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch CH4<\/sub> dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 60% \u0111\u1ebfn 80% ch\u1ee9a trong b\u00ecnh \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 50 bars. 
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y biogas trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng FLUENT v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i k-e v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a CH4<\/sub> v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub>.  

             K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3 khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u biogas ch\u1ee9a 80% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch methane, g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn 36 \u0111\u1ed9 khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ebfn 9000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 20%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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I. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng biogas l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c trong ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9n biogas v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p biogas n\u00e9n cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1eafp tr\u00ean xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y.

              Biogas \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sinh kh\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed biogas ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. H\u00ecnh 1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t biogas t\u1eeb 5 ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u: b\u00e8o t\u00e2y, h\u00e8m bia, ph\u00e2n g\u00e0, ph\u00e2n heo v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f2. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong biogas l\u00e0 CH4<\/sub> v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub>. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a CH4<\/sub> trong biogas l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 50% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Ph\u00e2n heo cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n CH4<\/sub> cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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            \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ecb biogas ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u1ecdc CO2<\/sub> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 CaO, NaOH. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n CO2<\/sub>, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biogas [8]. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong biogas th\u00ec H2<\/sub>S l\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nguy h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng biogas l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. H2<\/sub>S c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u1ecdc CO2<\/sub> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00eau tr\u00ean. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc H2<\/sub>S nh\u01b0 phoi s\u1eaft, Diatomit, Bentonit\u2026 H\u00ecnh 2 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1ecdc H2<\/sub>S b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau: phoi s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 oxy h\u00f3a, Diatomit, Bentonit. C\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh d = 60mm, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc l\u00e0 h = 1200mm. Khi n\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc l\u00e0 1100g \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phoi s\u1eaft, 1360g \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Diatomit, 2880g \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Bentonit. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed biogas \u0111i qua l\u1ecdc l\u00e0 4,5l\/ph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea7m biogas s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n heo b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, sau khi l\u1ecdc H2<\/sub>S b\u1eb1ng phoi s\u1eaft hay Bentonit, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch CH4<\/sub> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 80% khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u1ecdc CO2<\/sub>.

             Biogas sau khi l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 50 bars v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y qua b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u GATEC18 [10] (h\u00ecnh 3). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y, v\u1edbi biogas c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n CH4<\/sub> tr\u00ean 70% theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m r\u1ea5t \u00edt so v\u1edbi khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng. Khi chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas, g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.

              Trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y 110cc ki\u1ec3u WAVE khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u x\u0103ng\/biogas n\u00e9n cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. L\u00dd THUY\u1ebeT QU\u00c1 TR\u00ccNH CH\u00c1Y H\u00d2A TR\u1ed8N TR\u01af\u1edaC H\u1ed6N H\u1ee2P BIOGAS-KH\u00d4NG KH\u00cd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

             Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf k\u00edch c\u1ee1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u00e0 lan d\u1ea7n ra khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a ch\u00e1y. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00f2a  tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda m\u1ecfng di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e2m, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 lan tr\u00e0n m\u00e0n l\u1eeda t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1edfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed1i. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. 

              S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y r\u1ed1i l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. Xo\u00e1y r\u1ed1i l\u1edbn l\u00e0m nh\u0103n nheo b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 xo\u00e1y r\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong.

              \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda m\u1ecfng. Khi m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda di chuy\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y di\u1ec5n ra bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u01b0a ch\u00e1y th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00e1y. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem kh\u00f4ng gian bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2 khu v\u1ef1c b\u1edfi m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda: khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed ch\u01b0a ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00e1y.

              T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecd n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n biogas v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 4.

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III. K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 M\u00d4 H\u00ccNH H\u00d3A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


              Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y biogas trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng FLUENT. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng qua option dynamic mesh. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong b\u1ea3ng PrePDF t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m FLUENT. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y r\u1ed1i trong bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i k-e, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (Partial Premixed) v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0ng l\u1eeda ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng (Laminar Flame Speed) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh CH4<\/sub> v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y.
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            Trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u bigas c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch 80% methane v\u00e0 20% carbonic. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh c\u00f4ng (n\u00e9n-ch\u00e1y-d\u00e3n n\u1edf) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 chia l\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian xi lanh v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1y 3D \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 [9].

            C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh 5, 6, 7 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a CH4<\/sub>, O2<\/sub> v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub> trong xi lanh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 theo g\u00f3c quay tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p f=0,12 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng f=1,39. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a CH4<\/sub>, O2<\/sub> v\u00e0 CO2<\/sub> trong xy lanh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 7,12%, 20,50% v\u00e0 4,88%. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 CH4<\/sub>, O2<\/sub> trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y ch\u00ednh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0m s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a T v\u00e0 P thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e9 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n. Do h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eadm n\u00ean cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y trong kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 1,3% n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CH4<\/sub> c\u00f2n O2<\/sub> h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 CH4<\/sub> v\u00e0 O2<\/sub> khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh CO2<\/sub> theo g\u00f3c quay tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u (h\u00ecnh 7). Tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 CO2<\/sub> c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y, kho\u1ea3ng 15,9%.
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           V\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p trong bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1y. Khi t\u0103ng g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng theo v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean (h\u00ecnh 8 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 9). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t hay nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u00ecnh 10 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 12 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi ch\u1ea1y \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat v\u00e0 6000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat. Khi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng \u00e2m do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n t\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e3n n\u1edf do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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            H\u00ecnh 11 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 13 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 theo g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm. K\u00e9t qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i. G\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe WAVE 110cc khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn 36 \u0111\u1ed9 khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean t\u1eeb 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ebfn 9000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat (h\u00ecnh 14).
 
              H\u00ecnh 15 cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 CH4<\/sub> thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e0ng d\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y c\u00e0ng cao khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00e0ng b\u00e9.

            S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e1y khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh trong bu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1y theo g\u00f3c quay tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u (h\u00ecnh 16 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh 17). \u1ede g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm 30 \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 6MPa xu\u1ed1ng 4,5MPa khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat l\u00ean 9000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 2490K xu\u1ed1ng 2300K. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ta ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm.
            Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng, g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 \u0111\u1ed9. Khi chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Do \u0111\u00f3 khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y sang ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda s\u1edbm h\u01a1n.
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            H\u00ecnh 18 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y ki\u1ec3u WAVE 110cc khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas ch\u1ee9a 80% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch methane v\u1edbi f=1,39 v\u00e0 g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u00ecnh 14. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t khi xe ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u1ede ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 20%.
           
              Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, khi xe ch\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m khi chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas.
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IV. NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U TH\u1ef0C NGHI\u1ec6M<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            
           Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m biogas c\u1ee7a 3 trang tr\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c X\u00e3 H\u00f2a S\u01a1n, H\u00f2a Ph\u00fa v\u00e0 H\u00f2a Ninh.  Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n biogas c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i n\u00e0y cho \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 2. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biogas s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.

             Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00e9n v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh, biogas \u0111i qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed H2<\/sub>S v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m CO2<\/sub>.

            Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong [3], H2<\/sub>S c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng oxit s\u1eaft. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u1eed H2<\/sub>S b\u1eb1ng oxit s\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 98%. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 H2<\/sub>S sau x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 100ppm, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong. Sau th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kho\u1ea3ng 6 th\u00e1ng, l\u1ecdc H2<\/sub>S c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft phoi s\u1eaft ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p r\u1ed3i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u0169 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxit s\u1eaft b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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            Kh\u00ed CO2<\/sub> trong biogas c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed CO2<\/sub> b\u1eb1ng v\u00f4i nung d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c, v\u00f4i nung d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t, diatomit d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c, diatomit d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t, s\u00fat v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang r\u1ebd th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 80%. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 s\u00fat, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd CO2<\/sub> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 99%. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 50-60%.

            Sau khi xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00ed biogas b\u1eb1ng phoi s\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00f4i nung b\u1ed9t-x\u00fat. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a biogas sau khi qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng 3.
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n biogas th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo 3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p (h\u00ecnh 19): n\u00e9n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, biogas kh\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc (1), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc oxit s\u1eaft v\u00e0 v\u00f4i nung c\u1ee5c (2), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng  c\u1ed9t l\u1ecdc oxit s\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00f4i nung b\u1ed9t-x\u00fat (3). Biogas ch\u1ee9a trong b\u00ecnh kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t th\u1eed b\u1eb1ng b\u1ebfp ga mini. Khi van b\u1ebfp ga m\u1edf c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ed1t \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf b\u1ea3ng 3.
  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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            Do biogas c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n CH4<\/sub> h\u01a1i th\u1ea5p n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i khi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng biogas. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ed9 ch\u1ebf h\u00f2a kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafp th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00edt \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bu\u1ed3ng phao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn zicl\u01a1 ch\u00ednh khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas (h\u00ecnh 23). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi b\u01b0\u1edbm ga m\u1edf l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00eda sau b\u01b0\u1edbm ga gi\u1ea3m, x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng phun ra v\u00f2i phun kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p biogas l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Nh\u1edd ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u x\u0103ng v\u00e0 biogas, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i sang c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i.
            Khi mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u x\u0103ng, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u1edbi v\u00edt kh\u00f3a zicl\u01a1 ch\u00ednh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u x\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o.

            L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p biogas n\u00e9n cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y Honda Wave ath\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 24.

            Kh\u00ed Biogas sau khi qua l\u1ecdc H2<\/sub>S b\u1eb1ng oxit s\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc CO2<\/sub> b\u1eb1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00f4i nung b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 x\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a 30 l\u00edt \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 6 bar. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u1edf h\u00ecnh 1 th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng biogas ch\u1ee9a trong b\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1\/10 l\u00edt x\u0103ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y xe ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,5km v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 50km\/h th\u00ec h\u1ebft biogas trong b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n duy nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i biogas n\u00e9n tr\u00ean xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00e2u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u. V\u00ec v\u1eady v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 methane \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V. K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/strong>
\u00b7       \u1ede ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng biogas l\u1edbn h\u01a1n khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 \u0111\u1ed9.
\u00b7       Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u biogas ch\u1ee9a 80% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch methane, g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i \u01b0u dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn 36 \u0111\u1ed9 khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 3000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ebfn 9000 v\u00f2ng\/ph\u00fat.
\u00b7       Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u biogas ch\u1ee9a 80% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch methane, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng khi ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 20% \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.
\u00b7       C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y t\u1eeb x\u0103ng sang biogas.
\u00b7       Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng biogas n\u00e9n tr\u00ean xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00ean v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp 100km khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh 20 l\u00edt ch\u1ee9a biogas n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 120 bar.
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T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/strong>1.     Cracknell (2010): High pressure laminar burning velocity measurements and modelling of methane and n-butane<\/em>. Combustion Theory and Modelling, 14:4, 519-540
2.     M. Elia, M. Ulinski, M. Metghalchi: Laminar Burning Velocity of Methane-Air-Diluent Mixtures.<\/em> Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power JANUARY 2001, Vol. 123, pp 190-196
3.     B. Galmiche, F. Halter, F. Foucher, P. Dagaut: Effects of Dilution on Laminar Burning Velocity of Premixed Methane\/Air Flames. <\/em>Energy Fuels 2011, 25, 948-954
4.     R. Stone, A. Clarke, B Beckwith: Correlations for the Laminar-Burning Velocity of Methane\/Diluent\/Air Mixtures Obtained in Free-Fall Experiments<\/em>. Combustion and Flame 114:546\u2013555 (1998)
5.     Rallis, C. J., and Garforth, A. M., Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 6:303-329 (1980).
6.     Hill, P. G., and Hung, J., Combust. Sci. and Tech. 60:7-30 (1980).
7.     Iijima, T., and Takeno, T., Combustion and Flame 65:35-43 (1986).
8.     B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Nam, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u00ea B\u00edch Tr\u00e2m: Engines fueled by biogas: A contribution to energy saving and climate change mitigation. <\/em>The 6th Seminar on Environment Science and Technology Issues Related to Climate Change Mitigation. Japan-Vietnam Core University Program, Osaka, Japan, 26-28 November 2008
9.     B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Nam, Tr\u1ea7n Thanh H\u1ea3i T\u00f9ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4ng: M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u biogas.<\/em> T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed C\u01a1 Kh\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t 01, 10-2011, pp. 4-9
10.  B\u00f9i V\u0103n Ga: B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 6643 \u201cH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba van ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed cho xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y LPG\/x\u0103ng”. <\/em>C\u1ee5c S\u1edf H\u1eefu Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7, 2007<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

XE WAVE BIOGAS               B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y 110cc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng biogas n\u00e9n c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch CH4 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 60% \u0111\u1ebfn 80% ch\u1ee9a trong b\u00ecnh \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 50 bars. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1y biogas trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nghien-cuu-2","category-thu-nghiem-nghien-cuu-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWAVE Biogas - \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 Biogas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dongcobiogas.com\/en\/wave-biogas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"WAVE Biogas - 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